Ethical and Social Issues

The use of human embryonic stem cells(hESCs) is one of the most controversial practices in modern science. The cells are developed from embryos donated by couples who go through vitro fertilization because of infertility. Embryonic stem cells can form many different types of cells which gives them great use in treading a multitude of diseases.

Supporters of embryonic stem cell research argue that curing a sick person should gain priority while others argue that destroying a human embryo to create a stem cell line strips it of its potential for life and is immoral. Much of the debate lies in the different ideologies regarding the beginning of human life. While the proponents of hESC research support that an embryo is not far enough into development to be considered human, many pro-life activists argue that life begins at conception. 

Many of those against hESC research support stem cell therapy as long as it does not involve embryonic stem cells. They advocate for greater research in adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells were presented as an alternative in 2006 to human embryonic stem cells, and researches continue to search for solutions that will generate less controversy and more progress.

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Legal Issues

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Politicians have often taken very personal stands regarding stem cell research. When President George W. Bush was elected president in 2001, he halted federal funding for hESC research and permitted stem cell research on a limited number of stem cell lines. This was known as the President's Cell Lines and was frowned upon by the majority of research scientists. President Obama lifted the restrictions on stem cell research and allowed federal funding for embryonic stem cell research. During his presidency, embryonic stem cell research grew significantly. 

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(Database 1)

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